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<head>
<title>ProFTPD module mod_radius</title>
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<hr>
<center>
<h2>ProFTPD module <code>mod_radius</code></h2>
</center>
<hr>

This module is contained in the <code>mod_radius.c</code> file for
ProFTPD 1.3.x, and is not compiled by default. Installation
instructions are discussed <a href="#Installation">here</a>.

This module is used to authenticate users using the <code>RADIUS</code>
protocol. It can also be used to do logging via <code>RADIUS</code> accounting
packets. A more in-depth discussion of the <a href="#Usage">usage</a> of this
module follows the configuration directive documentation.

The most current version of <code>mod_radius</code> is distributed with the
ProFTPD source code.

<h2>Author</h2>

Please contact TJ Saunders &lt;tj at castaglia.org&gt; with any
questions, concerns, or suggestions regarding this module.

<h2>Thanks</h2>

2002-06-26: Thanks to Josh Wilsdon &lt;josh at wizard.ca&gt;
for correcting a bad assumption in the code that caused data corruption under
some circumstances.

2002-12-18: Many thanks to Steffen Clausjuergens &lt;stcl at clausjuergens.de&gt; for helping to track down several bugs with accounting packets.

2003-03-20: Many thanks to Boris Kovalenko &lt;boris at tagnet.ru &gt; for testing many versions of the VSA code.

<h2>Directives</h2>
<ul>
 <li><a href="#RadiusAcctServer">RadiusAcctServer</a>
 <li><a href="#RadiusAuthServer">RadiusAuthServer</a>
 <li><a href="#RadiusEngine">RadiusEngine</a>
 <li><a href="#RadiusGroupInfo">RadiusGroupInfo</a>
 <li><a href="#RadiusLog">RadiusLog</a>
 <li><a href="#RadiusNASIdentifier">RadiusNASIdentifier</a>
 <li><a href="#RadiusOptions">RadiusOptions</a>
 <li><a href="#RadiusQuotaInfo">RadiusQuotaInfo</a>
 <li><a href="#RadiusRealm">RadiusRealm</a>
 <li><a href="#RadiusUserInfo">RadiusUserInfo</a>
 <li><a href="#RadiusVendor">RadiusVendor</a>
</ul>

<hr>
<h3><a name="RadiusAcctServer">RadiusAcctServer</a></h3>
Syntax: RadiusAcctServer server[:port] shared-secret [timeout] 
Default: None 
Context: server config, <code>&lt;VirtualHost&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;Global&gt;</code> 
Module: mod_radius 
Compatibility: 1.2.5rc2 and later

The <code>RadiusAcctServer</code> is used to specify a RADIUS server to be
used for accounting. The server parameter may be either an
IP address or a DNS hostname. If not specified, the port used will be
the IANA-registered 1813. The optional timeout parameter is used
to tell <code>mod_radius</code> how long to wait for a response from the
server; it defaults to 30 seconds.

Multiple <code>RadiusAcctServer</code>s may be configured; each will be
tried, in order of appearance in the configuration file, until
that server times out or <code>mod_radius</code> receives a response.

If no <code>RadiusAcctServer</code>s are configured, <code>mod_radius</code>
will not use RADIUS for accounting.

See also: <a href="#RadiusAuthServer">RadiusAuthServer</a>

<hr>
<h3><a name="RadiusAuthServer">RadiusAuthServer</a></h3>
Syntax: RadiusAuthServer server[:port] shared-secret [timeout] 
Default: None 
Context: server config, <code>&lt;VirtualHost&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;Global&gt;</code> 
Module: mod_radius 
Compatibility: 1.2.5rc2 and later

The <code>RadiusAuthServer</code> is used to specify a RADIUS server to be
used for authentication. The server parameter may be either an
IP address or a DNS hostname. If not specified, the port used will be
the IANA-registered 1812. The optional timeout parameter is used
to tell <code>mod_radius</code> how long to wait for a response from the
server; it defaults to 30 seconds.

Multiple <code>RadiusAuthServer</code>s may be configured; each will be
tried, in order of appearance in the configuration file, until
that server times out or <code>mod_radius</code> receives a response.

If no <code>RadiusAuthServer</code>s are configured, <code>mod_radius</code>
will not use RADIUS for authentication.

See also: <a href="#RadiusAcctServer">RadiusAcctServer</a>

<hr>
<h3><a name="RadiusEngine">RadiusEngine</a></h3>
Syntax: RadiusEngine on|off 
Default: None 
Context: server config, <code>&lt;VirtualHost&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;Global&gt;</code> 
Module: mod_radius 
Compatibility: 1.2.5rc2 and later

The <code>RadiusEngine</code> directive enables or disables the module's
runtime RADIUS engine. If it is set to off this module does no
RADIUS authentication or accounting at all. Use this directive to disable the
module instead of commenting out all <code>mod_radius</code> directives.

<hr>
<h3><a name="RadiusGroupInfo">RadiusGroupInfo</a></h3>
Syntax: RadiusGroupInfo primary-group-name suppl-group-names suppl-group-ids 
Default: None 
Context: server config, <code>&lt;VirtualHost&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;Global&gt;</code> 
Module: mod_radius 
Compatibility: 1.2.9rc1 and later

The <code>RadiusGroupInfo</code> directive is used to configure group membership
information used for every user authenticated via RADIUS. The
primary-group-name parameter is used to configure the name that
matches the user's GID (which can be configured via the
<code>RadiusUserInfo</code> directive). The suppl-group-names and
suppl-group-ids parameters are used to specify supplemental group
membership for each user; the number of names and IDs must match if these
parameters, each a comma-delimited list, are used. As many of ProFTPD's
directives can operate based on group names, these textual group names may
be important.

In order to support RADIUS servers that may use custom attributes in their
<code>Access-Accept</code> response packets to supply user information back
to the RADIUS client (<code>mod_radius</code> in this case), this directive
allows the following syntax for some of its parameters:
<pre>
 $(attribute-id:default-value)
</pre>
where the enclosing <code>$()</code> signals that the parameter is to
be supplied by the RADIUS server, <code>attribute-id</code> is the
Vendor Specific Attribute (VSA) ID for which to search in the response packet,
and <code>default-value</code> is the value to use in case the requested
attribute is not present in the response packet. See the
<code>RadiusVendor</code> directive description for more information about
VSAs.

See Also:
 <a href="#RadiusUserInfo"><code>RadiusUserInfo</code></a>,
 <a href="#RadiusVendor"><code>RadiusVendor</code></a>

<hr>
<h3><a name="RadiusLog">RadiusLog</a></h3>
Syntax: RadiusLog file|&quot;none&quot; 
Default: None 
Context: server config, <code>&lt;VirtualHost&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;Global&gt;</code> 
Module: mod_radius 
Compatibility: 1.2.5rc2 and later

The <code>RadiusLog</code> directive is used to specify a log file for
<code>mod_radius</code> reporting and debugging, and can be done a per-server
basis. The file parameter must be the full path to the file to use for
logging. Note that this path must not be to a world-writeable
directory and, unless <code>AllowLogSymlinks</code> is explicitly set to
on (generally a bad idea), the path must not be a symbolic
link.

If file is &quot;none&quot;, no logging will be done at all; this
setting can be used to override a <code>RadiusLog</code> setting inherited from
a <code>&lt;Global&gt;</code> context.

<hr>
<h3><a name="RadiusNASIdentifier">RadiusNASIdentifier</a></h3>
Syntax: RadiusNASIdentifier id 
Default: RadiusNASIdentifier ftp 
Context: server config, <code>&lt;VirtualHost&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;Global&gt;</code> 
Module: mod_radius 
Compatibility: 1.3.1rc2 and later

The <code>RadiusNASIdentifier</code> directive configures an NAS
identifier string that will be in the constructed RADIUS packets.
By default, the NAS identifier is &quot;ftp&quot; for FTP sessions, and
&quot;ssh2&quot; for SFTP/SCP sessions (via the <code>mod_sftp</code> module).

Example:
<pre>
 RadiusNASIdentifier customID
</pre>

<hr>
<h3><a name="RadiusOptions">RadiusOptions</a></h3>
Syntax: RadiusOptions opt1 ... 
Default: None 
Context: server config, <code>&lt;VirtualHost&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;Global&gt;</code> 
Module: mod_radius 
Compatibility: 1.3.6rc1 and later

The <code>RadiusOptions</code> directive is used to configure various optional
behavior of <code>mod_radius</code>.

For example:
<pre>
 RadiusOptions RequireMAC IgnoreReplyMessage
</pre>

The currently implemented options are:
<ul>
 <li><code>IgnoreClass</code> 
 
 Some RADIUS servers will send the <code>Class</code> attribute in their
 <code>Access-Accept</code> response, containing a value that should be
 sent in every accounting requesting. To tell <code>mod_radius</code> to
 ignore/not send this <code>Class</code> attribute, use this option.

Note that this option first appeared in
 <code>proftpd-1.3.6rc1</code>.
 </li>

<li><code>IgnoreReplyMessage</code> 
 
 Some RADIUS servers will send the <code>Reply-Message</code> attribute in
 their <code>Access-Accept</code> and <code>Access-Reject</code> responses,
 containing messages that should be displayed to the connecting user.
 To tell <code>mod_radius</code> to ignore/not display these
 <code>Reply-Message</code> attributes, use this option.

Note that this option first appeared in
 <code>proftpd-1.3.6rc1</code>.
 </li>

<li><code>IgnoreIdleTimeout</code> 
 
 Some RADIUS servers will send the <code>Idle-Timeout</code> attribute in
 their <code>Access-Accept</code> response, containing a timeout value to
 be used for idle sessions. To tell <code>mod_radius</code> to ignore/not
 use this <code>Idle-Timeout</code> value, use this option.

Note that this option first appeared in
 <code>proftpd-1.3.6rc1</code>.
 </li>

<li><code>IgnoreSessionTimeout</code> 
 
 Some RADIUS servers will send the <code>Session-Timeout</code> attribute in
 their <code>Access-Accept</code> response, containing a timeout value to
 be used for maximum session durations. To tell <code>mod_radius</code> to
 ignore/not use this <code>Session-Timeout</code> value, use this option.

Note that this option first appeared in
 <code>proftpd-1.3.6rc1</code>.
 </li>

<li><code>RequireMAC</code> 
 
 Some RADIUS servers will send the <code>Message-Authenticator</code>
 attribute in their <code>Access-Accept</code> and <code>Access-Reject</code>
 responses, used for protecting against spoof attacks. Some RADIUS servers,
 though, do not use this attribute. To be very secure, and to tell
 <code>mod_radius</code> to require the use of this attribute, use
 this option.

Note that this option first appeared in
 <code>proftpd-1.3.6rc1</code>.
 </li>
</ul>

<hr>
<h3><a name="RadiusQuotaInfo">RadiusQuotaInfo</a></h3>
Syntax: RadiusQuotaInfo per-sess limit-type bytes-in bytes-out bytes-xfer files-in files-out files-xfer 
Default: None 
Context: server config, <code>&lt;VirtualHost&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;Global&gt;</code> 
Module: mod_radius 
Compatibility: 1.3.0rc1 and later

The <code>RadiusQuotaInfo</code> directive is used to configure quota
information used for every user. This information will be used,
in conjunction with the <code>mod_quotatab_radius</code> module, for
provisioning per-user quota information via RADIUS.

The <code>RadiusQuotaInfo</code> directive can be used to configure unchanging
numbers, rather than custom attributes, if need be.

An example configuration might look like:
<pre>
 &lt;IfModule mod_quotatab_radius.c&gt;
 QuotaLimitTable radius:
 QuotaTallyTable file:/home/tj/proftpd/devel/build/cvs/etc/ftpquota.tallytab

# mod_radius attributes
    RadiusEngine on
    RadiusAuthServer localhost:1812 testing123 5
    RadiusLog /var/ftpd/log/radius.log

# This sets unchanging quota limit values, rather than using custom attributes 
    # from a RADIUS server
    RadiusQuotaInfo false soft 3.0 2.0 1.0 7 8 9

&lt;/IfModule&gt;
</pre>

See Also: <a href="#RadiusVendor"><code>RadiusVendor</code></a>

<hr>
<h3><a name="RadiusRealm">RadiusRealm</a></h3>
Syntax: RadiusRealm realm 
Default: None 
Context: server config, <code>&lt;VirtualHost&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;Global&gt;</code> 
Module: mod_radius 
Compatibility: 1.2.5rc2 and later

The <code>RadiusRealm</code> directive configures a realm string
that will be added to the username in the constructed RADIUS packets.

Example:
<pre>
 RadiusRealm .castaglia.org
</pre>

<hr>
<h3><a name="RadiusUserInfo">RadiusUserInfo</a></h3>
Syntax: RadiusUserInfo uid gid home shell 
Default: None 
Context: server config, <code>&lt;VirtualHost&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;Global&gt;</code> 
Module: mod_radius 
Compatibility: 1.2.5rc2 and later

The <code>RadiusUserInfo</code> directive is used to configure login
information used for every user authenticated via RADIUS. Group membership
information can be configured by using the <code>RadiusGroupInfo</code>
directive.

If <code>RadiusUserInfo</code> is not used, <code>mod_radius</code> will
perform pure &quot;yes/no&quot; authentication only, in the style of PAM.
The information that would have been configured via this directive will
be pulled from other sources (e.g. <code>/etc/passwd</code>,
<code>AuthUserFile</code>s, MySQL tables, etc).

See Also:
 <a href="#RadiusGroupInfo"><code>RadiusGroupInfo</code></a>,
 <a href="#RadiusVendor"><code>RadiusVendor</code></a>

<hr>
<h3><a name="RadiusVendor">RadiusVendor</a></h3>
Syntax: RadiusVendor name id 
Default: RadiusVendor Unix 4 
Context: server config, <code>&lt;VirtualHost&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;Global&gt;</code> 
Module: mod_radius 
Compatibility: 1.2.9rc1 and later

The <code>RadiusVendor</code> directive is used to configure the vendor name
and ID for which <code>mod_radius</code> will search when it looks for
vendor-specific attributes in RADIUS response packets.

Earlier versions of <code>mod_radius</code> could be configured to look up
custom RADIUS attributes by normal RADIUS attribute type IDs. However,
those normal IDs can only be from 0 to 255, putting a limit on the number
of such custom attributes. Fortunately, the RADIUS RFCs define a specific
attribute ID, 26, for vendor-specific attributes. The values for such
attributes contains an ID for the specific vendor, and then the vendor-specific
attribute. The vendor IDs come from the IANA's enterprise numbers hierarchy:
<pre>
 <a href="http://www.iana.org/assignments/enterprise-numbers">http://www.iana.org/assignments/enterprise-numbers</a>
</pre>

By default, <code>mod_radius</code> will look for a vendor ID of 4 (Unix);
this configuration directive is used to tell <code>mod_radius</code> to
expect a different vendor.

<hr>
<h2><a name="Usage">Usage</a></h2>
Strong authentication is in demand for Internet services. For many, this
means using the RADIUS (Remote Authentication
Dial-In User Service) protocol.

However, there are caveats to using RADIUS for authentication. RADIUS
packets are sent in the clear, which means that they can easily be sniffed.
First, do not have your authenticating RADIUS servers exposed
to the Internet; keep them protected within your LAN. Second, it is
highly recommended to use separate RADIUS servers for each of your
services.

RADIUS Authentication 
The RADIUS protocol can be used for answering the question &quot;Should this
user be allowed to login?&quot; However, the &quot;yes/no&quot; answer is not
everything that <code>proftpd</code> needs to log a user in; the server also
requires the UID and GID to use for the authenticated user, home directory,
and shell. This information is usually not available from the RADIUS servers,
which means that using RADIUS to provide all the necessary login information
can be problematic. The <code>RadiusUserInfo</code> directive is meant to be
used to address this issue, to provide the missing information.

In those cases where the RADIUS servers can provide that additional
login information, via custom attributes, the <code>RadiusUserInfo</code>
directive can also be used obtain that information as well.

RADIUS Accounting 
While RADIUS is primarily used for authentication, the protocol also allows
for accounting of user activities. The <code>mod_radius</code> module
makes use of this ability, using RADIUS accounting packets to transmit the
following data:
<ul>
 <li>Acct-Authentic: How the user was authenticated (e.g.
 locally, or via RADIUS) 
 </li>

<li>Acct-Session-Id: The process ID of the FTP session 
 </li>

<li>Acct-Session-Time: The duration of the FTP session, in seconds 
 </li>

<li>Acct-Input-Octets: The number of bytes uploaded (includes
 appending to files) 
 </li>

<li>Acct-Output-Octets: The number of bytes downloaded 
 </li>

<li>Acct-Terminate-Cause: The reason the session ended 
 </li>

<li>Event-Timestamp: The number of seconds since the Unix epoch 
 </li>
 
</ul>
Merely configuring a <code>RadiusAcctServer</code> enables the module's
accounting capabilities.

Common Attributes 
The following RADIUS attributes are sent with every RADIUS packet generated
by <code>mod_radius</code>:
<ul>
 <li>User-Name: The name of the logging-in user 
 </li>

<li>NAS-Identifier: &quot;ftp&quot; (or &quot;ssh2&quot; for SFTP/SCP sessions) 
 </li>

<li>NAS-IP-Address or NAS-IPv6-Address: IP address of server 
 </li>

<li>NAS-Port: Port of server 
 </li>

<li>NAS-Port-Type: Always <code>Virtual</code>. 
 </li>

<li>Calling-Station-Id: IP address of connecting client 
 </li>

<li>Message-Authenticator: MAC of request, per RFC 3579 
 </li>
 
</ul>

<hr>
<h2><a name="Installation">Installation</a></h2>
The <code>mod_radius</code> module is distributed with ProFTPD. Simply follow
the normal steps for using third-party modules in ProFTPD:
<pre>
 $ ./configure --enable-openssl --with-modules=mod_radius
</pre>
To build <code>mod_radius</code> as a DSO module:
<pre>
 $ ./configure --enable-dso --enable-openssl --with-shared=mod_radius
</pre>
Then follow the usual steps:
<pre>
 $ make 
 $ make install
</pre>

Alternatively, if your <code>proftpd</code> was compiled with DSO support, you
can use the <code>prxs</code> tool to build <code>mod_radius</code> as a shared
module:
<pre>
 $ prxs -c -i -d mod_radius.c
</pre>

Logging 
The <code>mod_radius</code> module supports different forms of logging. The
main module logging is done via the <code>RadiusLog</code> directive. For
debugging purposes, the module also uses <a href="../howto/Tracing.html">trace logging</a>, via the module-specific log channels:
<ul>
 <li>radius
</ul>
Thus for trace logging, to aid in debugging, you would use the following in
your <code>proftpd.conf</code>:
<pre>
 TraceLog /path/to/radius-trace.log
 Trace radius:20
</pre>
This trace logging can generate large files; it is intended for debugging
use only, and should be removed from any production configuration.

<a name="FAQ">
Frequently Asked Questions

<a name="SELinuxUDP">
Question: Why is ProFTPD trying to open UDP sockets
that are blocked by my SELinux policies? 
Answer: The RADIUS protocol uses UDP, and thus using
the <code>mod_radius</code> module means that ProFTPD will open UDP sockets.
In terms of SELinux policies, RADIUS is very similar to NIS in its use of
UDP, and thus to allow these RADIUS UDP sockets, you can use:
<pre>
$ setsebool -P nis_enabled 1
</pre>

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