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  <section id="logging-in-varnish">
<span id="users-guide-logging"></span><h1>Logging in Varnish<a class="headerlink" href="#logging-in-varnish" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h1>
<p>One of the really nice features in Varnish is the way logging
works. Instead of logging to a normal log file Varnish logs to a shared
memory segment, called the VSL - the Varnish Shared Log. When the end
of the segment is reached we start over, overwriting old data.</p>
<p>This is much, much faster than logging to a file and it doesn’t
require disk space. Besides it gives you much, much more information
when you need it.</p>
<p>The flip side is that if you forget to have a program actually write the
logs to disk they will be overwritten.</p>
<p><cite>varnishlog</cite> is one of the programs you can use to look at what Varnish
is logging. <cite>varnishlog</cite> gives you the raw logs, everything that is
written to the logs. There are other clients that can access the logs as well, we’ll show you
these later.</p>
<p>In the terminal window you started Varnish now type <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">varnishlog</span> <span class="pre">-g</span> <span class="pre">raw</span></code>
and press enter.</p>
<p>You’ll see lines like these scrolling slowly by.:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="mi">0</span> <span class="n">CLI</span>            <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">Rd</span> <span class="n">ping</span>
<span class="mi">0</span> <span class="n">CLI</span>            <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">Wr</span> <span class="mi">200</span> <span class="mi">19</span> <span class="n">PONG</span> <span class="mi">1273698726</span> <span class="mf">1.0</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>These is the Varnish master process checking up on the caching process
to see that everything is OK.</p>
<p>Now go to the browser and reload the page displaying your web app.</p>
<p>You’ll see lines like these.:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="mi">11</span> <span class="n">SessOpen</span>       <span class="n">c</span> <span class="mf">127.0.0.1</span> <span class="mi">58912</span> <span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">8080</span> <span class="mf">0.0.0.0</span> <span class="mi">8080</span> <span class="mf">1273698726.933590</span> <span class="mi">14</span>
<span class="mi">11</span> <span class="n">ReqStart</span>       <span class="n">c</span> <span class="mf">127.0.0.1</span> <span class="mi">58912</span>
<span class="mi">11</span> <span class="n">ReqMethod</span>      <span class="n">c</span> <span class="n">GET</span>
<span class="mi">11</span> <span class="n">ReqURL</span>         <span class="n">c</span> <span class="o">/</span>
<span class="mi">11</span> <span class="n">ReqProtocol</span>    <span class="n">c</span> <span class="n">HTTP</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="mf">1.1</span>
<span class="mi">11</span> <span class="n">ReqHeader</span>      <span class="n">c</span> <span class="n">Host</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">localhost</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">8080</span>
<span class="mi">11</span> <span class="n">ReqHeader</span>      <span class="n">c</span> <span class="n">Connection</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">keep</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">alive</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The first column is an arbitrary number, it identifies the
transaction. Lines with the same number are coming from the same
transaction. The second column is the <em>tag</em> of the log message. All
log entries are tagged with a tag indicating what sort of activity is
being logged.</p>
<p>The third column tell us whether this is is data coming from or going
to the client (‘c’), or the backend (‘b’). The forth column is the data
being logged.</p>
<p>Now, you can filter quite a bit with <cite>varnishlog</cite>. The basic options we think you
want to know are:</p>
<dl class="simple">
<dt>‘-b’</dt><dd><p>Only show log lines from traffic going between Varnish and the backend
servers. This will be useful when we want to optimize cache hit rates.</p>
</dd>
<dt>‘-c’</dt><dd><p>Same as ‘-b’ but for client side traffic.</p>
</dd>
<dt>‘-g request’</dt><dd><p>Group transactions by request.</p>
</dd>
<dt>‘-q query’</dt><dd><p>Only list transactions matching this query.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
<p>For more information on this topic please see <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/varnishlog.html#varnishlog-1"><span class="std std-ref">varnishlog</span></a>.</p>
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